Jeffrey Hopkins' Tibetan-Sanskrit-English Dictionary: gr
grwa tshang
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} monastic college
grwa sa bzhi
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} the four [Ge-luk-b#a] monastic colleges [S#e-ra (se rwa); Dre-b#ung ('bras spungs); Gan-den (dga' ldan); D#ra-s#hi-hlün-b#o (bkra shis lhun po)]
grwa sa gsum
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} the three [Ge-luk-b#a] monastic colleges: [S#e-ra (se rwa); Dre-b#ung ('bras spungs); Gan-den (dga' ldan)]
grags གྲགས་
[translation-san] {MSA} yaśas [translation-san] {MV} prasiddha(ka)
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} renown; renowned; fame; notoriety; established; consensus; consensual renown
grags chen bco brgyad
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} eighteen [texts] of great renown [a S#a-g#ya collection]{GD:309}
grags chen ldan
[translation-san] {C} mahā-yaśu
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} grealty famous; greatly renowned [translation-eng] {C} greatly famous
grags mchog
[translation-san] {MSA} mahā-yaśas
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} supreme fame; supreme renown
grags thob
[tenses] grags; pa; thob; pa/
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} famous; attained fame
grags pa གྲགས་པ་
[translation-san] {LCh,MV,L} prasiddha
[translation-san] {MV} prasiddhaka
[translation-san] {LCh,C} kīrti
[translation-san] yaśas
[translation-san] {MSA} pratīta
[translation-san] prātītya
[translation-san] nāman (e.g.: a-buddha-nāman)
[translation-san] ravita (e.g.: svara-ruta-ravita)
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} renown; fame; notoriety; consensus; consensual renown [translation-eng] {C} brought about; accomplished; adorned; celebrated
grags pa rgya chen
[translation-san] {L} viśālakīrti
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} Viśālakīrti [name of a Tathāgata]
grags pa can གྲགས་པ་ཅན་
[translation-san] kīrtimat
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} renowned; famous
grags pa thob pa
[tenses] grags; thob
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} famous; attained fame
grags pa tsam
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} merely renowned
grags pa'i rgyu nyid
[translation-san] {MSA} yaśo-hetutva
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} cause of fame/renown/notoriety
grags pa'i rjes dpag
[translation-san] prasiddhānumāṇa
[translation-san] prasiddhaanumāna
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} inference through renown
[definition-bod] mtshan nyid rang gi rten grags rtags yang dag la brten nas rang gi gzhal bya sgra byung grags pa la mi slu ba'i zhen rig
[definition-eng] Def.: a determinative knower that in dependence on its basis, a correct sign of renown, is incontrovertible with regard to its object of comprehension, a terminological suitability
[comments] Comment: This is one of the three divisions of inference (rjes dpag)—inference through power of the fact (dngos stobs rjes dpag), inference through renown (grags pa'i rjes dpag), and inference through belief (yid ches rjes dpag).
grang
[translation-san] śīta
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} cold; cool
grang nges
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} precise/definite enumeration
grang ba
[translation-san] {LCh,MSA} śīta [translation-eng] {Hopkins} cold; cool
grang ba dang tsha ba la sogs pa'i sdug bsngal
[translation-san] {MSA} śītaloṣṇādi ... duḥkha
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} sufferings of cold, heat, and so forth
grang dmyal ba
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} cold hell-being; being dwelling in a cold hell
grang srong གྲང་སྲོང་
[translation-san] ṛṣi
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} sage; seer
grangs
[translation-san] {LCh,C,L,MSA} saṃkhyā
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} number; enumeration; calculation; computation; reckoning; tally [translation-eng] {C} calculation; counting; numbering; definition; are counted as
grangs kyis mi chod pa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} [number-by-not-cut-off]; not delimited in number; innumerable; uncountable; countless; immeasurable; incalculable; inestimable; measureless; infinite
grangs 'gro
[translation-san] {C} saṃkhyāṃ gacchati (=vyapadeśaṃ gacchati) [translation-eng] {Hopkins} go in the count of; reckon as
[translation-eng] {C} comes to be styled/called; derives his name from; it gives sense to say; be reckoned among; is called
grangs nges
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} definite/limited in number; numerically limited; all-inclusive; comprehensive; enumeration
grangs can
[translation-san] sāṃkhya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} Sāṃkhya [Enumerator]
grangs can pa
[translation-san] {LCh} sāṃkhya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} Sāṃkhya; Sāṃkhya (""Enumerators"") School
[comments] Comment: A non-Buddhist school renowned in Buddhist texts as the precursor of all Indian systems and so called due to the belief that liberation can be gained through thoroughly understanding the enumeration of twenty-five categories of objects of knowledge which principally involves distinguishing between mind and twentt-four categories of matter.
grangs pa
[translation-san] gaṇanā [translation-eng] {Hopkins} counting
grangs pa'i ting nge 'dzin
[tenses] gzung; 'dzin; bzung; zungs
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} meditative stabilization of counting
grangs ma mchis
[translation-san] {L} asaṃkhyeya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} innumerable; uncountable; countless; immeasurable; incalculable; inestimable; measureless; infinite
grangs med
[translation-san] {MSA} asaṃkhyeya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} [number-not existing]; innumerable; uncountable; countless; immeasurable; incalculable; inestimable; measureless; infinite
grangs med gnyis ni rdzogs pa
[tenses] rdzogs; rdzogs; rdzogs; rdzogs
[translation-san] {MSA} dvyasaṃkhyeya-samāpti
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} two [periods of] countless [eons] finished/completed/fulfilled
[comments] Comment: ""Countless"" in this context is said to be a number very diffuclt to reckon, specifically a one with fifty-nine zeros (NWLD).
grangs med pa
[translation-san] {L,MV} asaṃkhyeya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} innumerable; uncountable; countless; immeasurable; incalculable; inestimable; measureless; infinite
grangs bzhin
[translation-san] {MV} yathā-saṃkhyam
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} according to the count/calculation
grangs su
[translation-san] {C} gaṇanāṃ gantu-kāmena
[translation-san] {C} gaṇanā
[translation-eng] {C} wants to be numbered among; counting; count; enumeration
grangs su bgrang bar gtogs pa
[translation-san] {C} saṃkhyāṃ-gaṇanāṃ praviṣṭa [translation-eng] {Hopkins} included in numerical calculation [translation-eng] {C} they have transcended all counting
grangs su 'gro
[translation-san] {C} saṃkhyāṃ gacchati
[translation-san] {C} parisaṃkhyāta
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} go in the count of; reckon as
[translation-eng] {C} comes to be styled/called; derives his name from; it gives sense to say; be reckoned among; is called; reckoned up as
grangs su 'gro 'gyur ro
[translation-san] {C} parisaṃkhyāta
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} go in the count of; reckon as [translation-eng] {C} reckoned up as
grangs su mchi'o
[translation-san] {C} saṃkhyāṃ gacchati [translation-eng] {Hopkins} go in the count of; reckon as
[translation-eng] {C} comes to be styled/called; derives his name from; it gives sense to say; be reckoned among; is called; reckoned up as
gram sa
[translation-san] {C} ujjaṅgala [translation-eng] {C} arid
grib
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} defilement; filth; stain; contamination; stroke
grib pa
[translation-san] chāyā [translation-eng] {Hopkins} shade
grib pa med par
[translation-san] {L} anāvaraṇa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} undefiled; not filthy; without stain; uncontaminated; without covering
grib ma
[translation-san] {LCh} cchāyā [translation-san] {MSA} chāyā [translation-eng] {Hopkins} shadow
gru
[translation-san] {LCh} nāva [translation-san] {LCh} nau [translation-san] {C} nāvi [translation-eng] {Hopkins} boat; ship [translation-eng] {C} ship
gru zhig
[translation-san] {C} bhinna-bhāvo [translation-eng] {C} who suffers shipwreck
gru bzhi
[translation-san] {LCh} catarasra [translation-eng] {Hopkins} square; four-cornered
gru gzings
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} ship; boat
grub གྲུབ་
[tenses] 'grub; 'grub; 'grubs/grub; grubs
[translation-san] sidh
[translation-san] {MSA,MV} siddha
[translation-san] siddhi
[translation-san] {MSA} āpti (e.g.: manorathāpti)
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} be established; be accomplished; establish; exist; achieve
grub 'jug gi blo
[tenses] 'grub; 'grub; 'grubs/grub; grubs [translation-san] *viddhipravṛttibuddhi
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} awareness/mind of complete/total engagement; awareness/mind which engages [its object] in a complete/total manner
grub thabs གྲུབ་ཐབས་
[tenses] 'grub; 'grub; 'grubs/grub; grubs [translation-san] sādhana
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} means of achievement
grub mtha'
[tenses] grub; pa'i; mtha'
[translation-san] {LCh} siddhānta
[translation-san] siddhyanta
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} tenet; established conclusion; tenet system; system of tenets; system; outlook
[translation-eng] in the ety I changed grub pa'i to grub pa'am; check
[definition-bod] sgra bshad/ lung rigs gang rung la brten nas thag bcad cing grub pa'am dam bcas pa'i don de nyid rang gi blo ngor tshul de las gzhan du 'dor med pas na/ grub pa'i mtha' zhes brjod pa
[definition-eng] Contextual etymology: A tenet [literally, an established conclusion] is a meaning that has been decided upon and established or promised in reliance upon scripture and/or reasoning and which, from the perspective of one's mind, will not be forsaken for something else
example
[bod] dpal mchog 'grel pa chung ba slob dpon kun snying gis mdzad pa ma yin te/ de dang grub mtha' mi mthun pa'i phyir/; [eng] the shorter commentary on the Glorious Paramādya was not composed by Ānandagarbha because it does not accord in outlook with his great commentary on the Glorious Paramādya Tantra
example
[bod] gsang sngags kyi grub pa'i mtha' rgya mtsho'i pha rol du son pa ; [eng] [he] reached the far shore of the ocean of secret mantra systems
grub mtha' kun shes nas mtha' bral sgrub pa zhes bya ba'i bstan bcos rnam par bshad pa legs bshad kyi rgya mtsho
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} Ocean of Good Explanations: Explanation of the Treatise ""Establishment of Freedom from Extremes through Understanding All Tenets"" [by the Translator D#ak-tsang S#hay-rap-rin-chen (stag tshang lo tsā bā shes rab rin chen; b. 1405)]
[comments] Comment: This is a commentary on his own verse root text entitled Establishment of Freedom from Extremes through Understanding All Tenets. The book contains a lively exposition of many contradictions he found in the writings of D#zong-ka-b#a. Jam-y#ang-shay-b#a wrote a lengthy rejoinder in his Great Exposition of Tenets (grub mtha' chen mo).
grub mtha' dor ba
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} forsake the tenet [by holding a tenet contrary to it]
grub mtha' smra ba
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} proponent of tenets
grub mtha' rtsa ba
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} The Root Text on Tenets [by Jam-y#ang-shay-b#a which is the basis for his own comentary called Great Exposition of Tenets (grub mtha' chen mo) in its short title]
grub mtha' bzhi'i lugs kyi kun rdzob dang don dam pa'i don rnam par bshad pa legs bshad dpyid kyi dpal mo'i glu dbyangs
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} Explanation of the Conventional and the Ultimate in the Four Systems of Tenets: The Spring Cuckoo's Song of Good Explanations [by Nga-w#ang-b#el-den (ngag dbang dpal ldan, b. 1797)]
grub mtha'i rnam par bzhag pa rin po che'i phreng ba
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} Precious Garland of Tenets [by G#ön-chok-jik-may-w#ang-b#o (dkon mchog 'jigs med dbang po; 1728-91)]
grub mtha'i rnam bzhag
[translation-san] *siddhāntavyavasthāpana
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} presentation of tenets [genre of literature]
grub mthas bslad pa la ltos med du
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} without relying on being affected by tenets
grub dus
[tenses] 'grub; 'grub; 'grubs/grub; grubs
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} time of accomplishing/achieving/establishing
example
[bod] rang grub dus las dus gnyis par mi sdod pa ; [eng] [a thing] will not remain for a second period after its time of establishment
grub bde gcig
[tenses] 'grub; 'grub; 'grubs/grub; grubs [translation-san] ekayogakṣema
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} one establishement and abiding; same in terms of establishment and abiding
[definition-bod] mtshan nyid grub pa dus mnyam/ gnas pa dus mnyam/ 'jig pa dus mnyam/
[definition-eng] Def.: those which are established simultaneously, abide simultaneously, and disintegrate simultaneously
grub bde rdzas gcig
[tenses] 'grub; 'grub; 'grubs/grub; grubs
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} one substantial entity of establishment and abiding; one substantiality of establishment and abiding; same substantial entity in terms of establishment and abiding
[translation-eng] {GD:241} simultaneous substantial identity; {572} one simlutaneous substance example
[bod] grub bde rdzas gcig pa'i yon tan ; [eng] qualities that are the same substantial entity of establishment and abiding
grub pa གྲུབ་པ་
[tenses] 'grub; 'grub; 'grubs/grub; grubs [translation-san] {L,MV} siddha
[translation-san] {L,MSA} siddhi
[translation-san] samupārjita
[translation-san] {MSA} niṣpatti
[translation-san] {MSA} niṣpanna
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} be established; be accomplished; establish; exist; achieve; existent; establishment
[translation-eng] {C} power; succeed; accomplish; stored up [comments] Comment: See grub.
grub pa kun thob par 'gyur
[tenses] thob/'thob; 'thob; thob; 'thobs
[translation-san] {MSA} eti sarva-siddhim
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} will attain all feats/yogic achievements
grub pa ... kyi sngon du 'gro ba'i bkra shis yin pa
[tenses] 'grub; 'grub; 'grubs/grub; grubs
[translation-san] {MSA} siddhi-pūrvaṃgama-maṅgalatva
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} auspiciousness preceding a feat/yogic achievement
grub pa dang bde ba
[tenses] 'grub; 'grub; 'grubs/grub; grubs [translation-san] yoga-kṣema
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} establishment and abiding [comments] Comment: See grub bde gcig.
grub pa dang bde ba med pa
[tenses] 'grub; 'grub; 'grubs/grub; grubs [translation-san] {C} ayoga-kṣema [translation-eng] {C} surrounded by troubles
grub pa dus mnyam/ gnas pa dus mnyam/ 'jig pa dus mnyam/
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} established simultaneously, abide simultaneously, and disintegrate simultaneously
[comments] Comment: The meaning (don) of one establishment and abiding (grub bde gcig).
grub pa'i mtha'
[tenses] grub; mtha'
[translation-san] {LCh} siddhānta
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} tenet; established conclusion; tenet system; system; outlook [comments] Comment: See grub mtha'.
grub pa
[tenses] 'grub; 'grub; 'grubs/grub; grubs
[translation-san] {TN} niṣpanna
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} established; perfected; accomplished; completed
grub par gyur pa rtogs pa
[tenses] 'grub; 'grub; 'grubs/grub; grubs
[translation-san] {MSA} niṣpanna-bodha
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} realize that it has been established/accomplished/achieved/completed
grub par 'gyur ba
[tenses] 'grub; 'grub; 'grubs/grub; grubs
[translation-san] {C} siddhyanti
[translation-san] {L} siddhyeta
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} establish; accomplish; achieve [translation-eng] {C} will succeed; become; arise; come to be; perfect
grub par bya ba
[tenses] 'grub; 'grub; 'grubs/grub; grubs
[translation-san] {L} sādhya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} that which is to be achieved/established/mastered/perfected
grub par mdzad
[tenses] 'grub; 'grub; 'grubs/grub; grubs
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} established; taken/treated as established/accomplished/achieved
grum pa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} badger
grum po
[translation-san] {C} khañja [translation-eng] {C} lame
grur zhugs pa la brten nas
[tenses] zhug; 'jug; zhugs; zhugs
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} in dependence on residing in a boat
grur zhugs la brten nas ljon shing 'gro bar snang ba'i dbang shes
[tenses] snang; snang; snang; snang
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} a sense consciousness to which, in dependence upon having entered into a boat, trees appear to be moving
[comments] Comment: Example of a non-conceptual facsimile bogus: check Kathy of direct perception whose cause of error abides in the basis ('khrul rgyu gnas la yod pa'i rtog med mngon sum ltar snang).
gre po gnyan
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} mischievous ghost spirit
gre mo
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} ghost spirit
gro ga
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} birch
grog sbu
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} ant
grogs
[tenses] grogs; po/; grogs; pa/
[translation-san] {LCh,C,L,MSA} sahāya
[translation-san] {LCh,MSA} mitra
[translation-san] {MSA} sahāyaka
[translation-san] {MSA} sāhāyya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} friend; accompanier; companion; concomitant; assister
grogs gi rim gro byas pas
[translation-san] {C} jīvita-anugraha-karaṇa [translation-eng] {C} help living beings
grogs ngan
[translation-san] {MSA} asan-mitra [translation-san] {MSA} kumitra [translation-eng] {Hopkins} bad friend
grogs mchog
[translation-san] {MSA} sumitratā
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} supreme/good friend; supreme/good friendship
grogs snying rje chen pos zin cing
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} affected by great compassion which is its accompanier
grogs stobs
[translation-san] {MSA} mitra-bala
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} power of an accompanier/assister
grogs pa
[translation-san] {L} sahāya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} friend; companion; accompanier; assister
grogs pa la dad che bar mi 'gyur
[tenses] 'gyur; 'gyurd; gyur; gyurd
[translation-san] {C} (na) saṃvāsa-śīlā (bhavati) [translation-eng] {C} she abstains from habitual cohabitation(?)
grogs po
[translation-san] {C,MSA} mitra
[translation-san] {C} sahāyaka
[translation-san] {MSA} sahāya
[translation-san] {C} bāndhava
[translation-san] {C} mārṣa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} friend; companion; accompanier; assister [translation-eng] {C} teacher; adherent; advocate; maternal relative; Sir!
grogs po 'dra ba
[translation-san] {MSA} mitra-kalpa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} like a friend/companion/assister
grogs po dman pa dag gis yongs bskor ba
[tenses] bskor; skor; bskord; skord
[translation-san] {MSA} hīnaiḥ sahāyaiḥ parivāritaḥ
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} completely surrounded by low friends/companions
grogs po las blangs pa
[translation-san] {MSA} mitrād āttā [translation-eng] {Hopkins} taken from a friend
grogs por ngan pa
[translation-san] {MSA} kumitra [translation-eng] {Hopkins} bad/false friend
grogs bya ba la skyo ba med pa
[translation-san] {MSA} sāhāyya-kriyākheda
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} without discouragement concerning accompanying/helping
grogs byas
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} [companion-done]; helped; aided; assisted
grogs byed
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} that which acts as an assister [comments] Comment: The definition of condition (rkyen, pratyaya).
grogs tshul khrims dang lta ba mthun pa
[tenses] blta; lta; bltas; ltos
[translation-san] {MSA} sabhāga-śīla-dṛṣṭi-sahāyakatva
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} friend/companion with concordant ethics and view
grogs bzang po
[translation-san] {MSA} susahāyaka [translation-eng] {Hopkins} good friend/companion
grogs su gyur pa
[translation-san] {MSA} sahāyatva
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} friendship; became friend
grong
[tenses] 'grong; /; 'grongs/; grong; /; grongs/
[translation-san] {L} grāma
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} town/village. (as verb) die; one who has died
grong khyer
[translation-san] {LCh,C} nagara [translation-san] {C} pura [translation-san] {L} grāma [translation-eng] {Hopkins} city/town [translation-eng] {C} town; abode, village
grong khyer ba
[translation-san] {MSA} paurī [translation-eng] {Hopkins} city-person
grong gi nang
[translation-san] {C} grāmānte
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} inside a town/village [translation-eng] {C} in the neighborhood of a village
grong 'jug gi rnal 'byor
[translation-san] {LCh} parakāya-praveśa-yoga [translation-eng] {Hopkins} yoga of entering the dead
grong 'joms
[tenses] gzhom; 'joms; bcom; choms
[translation-san] gramaghataka
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} Destroyer of Cities [epithet of Śiva]; destruction of city
[comments] Comment: grong sogs 'joms—destruction of cities and so forth—is one of the eighteen root infractions of the Bodhisattva vows. Grāmaghātaka; perhaps also Nagaraghātaka, or Puraṃdara.
grong 'dab na gnas pa
[translation-san] {C} grāmānta-vihārin [translation-eng] {C} living near a village
grong rdal
[translation-san] {C} nigama
[translation-eng] {C} market town; market place
grong tshigs
[translation-san] {L} grāma [translation-eng] {Hopkins} city; village
grong gseb pa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} villager
grol
[tenses] 'grol; 'grold; grol; grold
[translation-san] {C,MV} mukta
[translation-san] {MV} mukti
[translation-san] {MSA} vimukti
[translation-san] {MSA} vimokṣa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} released; loosened; freed [translation-eng] {C} freed; let loose; delivered
grol nas
[tenses] 'grol; 'grold; grol; grold
[translation-san] {C} mukta
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} having released/loosened/freed [translation-eng] {C} freed; let loose; delivered
grol ba
[tenses] 'grol; 'grold; grol; grold
[translation-san] {L,MV,MSA} mukta
[translation-san] mokṣa
[translation-san] {C} nirmukta
[translation-san] {MV,MSA} mukti
[translation-san] {MSA} vimukti
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} release; liberation; freedom; released; loosened [translation-eng] {C} freed; let loose; delivered; sundered from; outside
grol ba nyid
[tenses] 'grol; 'grold; grol; grold
[translation-san] {C} muktatā
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} release; freedom; liberation; loosening [translation-eng] {C} freedom
grol ba po
[tenses] 'grol; 'grold; grol; grold
[translation-san] {MSA} moktṛ
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} releaser; liberator; freer; loosener
grol bar 'gyur
[tenses] 'grol; 'grold; grol; grold
[translation-san] {MV} muktāḥ syuḥ
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} will release/free/liberate/loosen
grol bar byed
[tenses] 'grol; 'grold; grol; grold
[translation-san] {MSA} (√muc): mocayanti [translation-san] {MV} vimocana
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} release; liberate; free; loosen