Jeffrey Hopkins' Tibetan-Sanskrit-English Dictionary: kha
kha
[translation-san] {C,MSA} mukha
[translation-san] {C} raśmi-mukha
[translation-san] {C} daṃśana
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} mouth; opening; face; area; verb + kha or ka = about to (do something) [translation-eng] {C} face; door; marvellous power(?); so also(?)
kha skong ba
[tenses] bskang; skong; bskangs; skongs
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} fill out [as in replacing a missing syllable in a line of poetry with an extra syllable]
kha cig ཁ་ཅིག་
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} someone; some; a certain [person]
kha cig tu ཁ་ཅིག་ཏུ་
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} in some
kha cig na re
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} someone; some; a certain [person]
[comments] Comment: Standard formula for introducing another party's opinion in debate texts.
kha che
[translation-san] kaṣmīr
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} Kaṣmīr is dot under correct? slash in next item; Moslems; Kashmiri
kha che bye brag smra ba
[translation-san] kaśmīri vaibhāṣika
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} Kaśmīri Vaibhāṣika; Kaṣmīri Proponent(s) of the Great Exposition
kha ton du
[translation-san] {C} svādhyāyati
[translation-san] s what is this ""s""? {C}vādhyāyanti [translation-eng] {Hopkins} in recitation [translation-eng] {C} repeat
kha ton du bya
[translation-san] {C} svādhyāyati [translation-eng] {Hopkins} recite [translation-eng] {C} repeat
kha ton du'ang byed
[translation-san] {C} svādhyāyanti [translation-eng] {Hopkins} do also in recitation [translation-eng] {C} repeat
kha ton byang bar byas
[tenses] 'byang; 'byangs; byang; 'byongs [translation-san] {C} vacasā paricita [translation-eng] {Hopkins} learned recitation [translation-eng] {C} religious texts (?)
kha ton byed pa
[translation-san] {MV} svādhyāya [translation-san] {MV} svādhyāyana [translation-eng] {Hopkins} perform recitation
kha 'thor ba
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} scattered
[comments] Comment: One of the two divisions of animals (dud 'gro), the other being those living in the depths (bying na gnas pa).
kha dog
[translation-san] varṇa [translation-eng] {Hopkins} color
kha dog kho rang
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} color itself
[translation-eng] {GD:253} hypothetical color in general
kha dog gi gzugs
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} color-form; form that is a color
kha dog sngon po
[translation-san] {MSA} nīla-varṇa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} blue color; color blue
[comments] Comment: The scope of blue usually includes green.
kha dog gcig tu
[translation-san] {C} eka-varṇa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} as one color; in one color [translation-eng] {C} of one color
kha dog dang dri dang ro dang reg bya
[translation-san] {MSA} varṇa-gandha-rasa-sparśa [translation-eng] {Hopkins} color, odor, taste, and tangible object
kha dog du ma
[translation-san] {C} aneka-varṇa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} many colors; many colored; multi-colored [translation-eng] {C} many-colored
kha dog sna tshogs pa
[translation-san] {C} nānāvarṇa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} variegated in color; having various colors
[translation-eng] {C} various-colored
kha dog phun sum tshogs pa
[translation-san] {MSA} varṇa-saṃpanna
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} excellent color; fulfilment of color
kha dog yin na
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} if [something] is a color; whatever is a color
kha dog la sogs pa rnam par 'gyur ba
[tenses] 'gyur; 'gyurd; gyur; gyurd
[translation-san] {MSA} varṇādi-vipariṇāma
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} changes/transformations in color and so forth
kha dog las shin tu 'das pa
[translation-san] {C} abhikrānta-abhikrānta-varṇā
[translation-eng] {C} who have quite passed beyond materiality of any kind
kha dog shin tu 'jam pa
[translation-san] {C} ślakṣṇa-cchavitā [translation-eng] {C} his skin is smooth
kha dog ser po
[translation-san] {MSA} pīta-varṇa [translation-eng] {Hopkins} yellow color
kha na ma tho ba
[translation-san] {MSA} avadya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} unseemliness; fault; blemish; blame
[comments] Comment: The Tibetan may literally mean ""not high in the mouth"" even though the term uses tho in stead of mtho.
kha na ma tho ba dang bcas pa
[translation-san] {MSA,C} sāvadya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} involving unseemliness; faulty [translation-eng] {C} has blemishes; faulty
kha na ma tho ba phra rab tsam
[translation-san] {MSA} anu-mātra ... avadya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} even/just a slight unseemliness/fault
kha na ma tho ba mi mnga' ba
[tenses] mnga'; mnga'; mnga'; mnga'
[translation-san] {C} anavadya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} without unseemliness; faultless; not involving unseemliness [translation-eng] {C} faultless
kha na ma tho ba med pa
[translation-san] {MSA,C} anavadya
[translation-san] {MSA} niravadya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} without unseemliness; faultless; not involving unseemliness [translation-eng] {C} faultless
kha na ma tho ba med pa'i las can yin pa
[translation-san] {MSA} anavadya-karmatva
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} having acitivities that are without unseemliness/fault
kha na ma tho med yul
[translation-san] {MSA} anavadya-viṣaya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} objects without unseemliness; areas without unseemliness
kha nang ཁ་ནང་
[translation-san] antarmukha
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} inwards; internal; inside
kha nang lta'i cha
[tenses] blta; lta; bltas; ltos
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} factor directed inwards
[translation-eng] {GD:603} an internal cognition [which perceives the objectal aspect of an external object]
kha nang ltas kyi 'gros
[tenses] blta; lta; bltas; ltos
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} type which is directed inwards
kha nang bstan
[tenses] kha; nang; du; bstan; pa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} facing inwards; directed inwards
kha nang du bstan pa
[tenses] kha; nang; bstan
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} facing inwards; directed inwards
kha spos
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} move over
kha phyir bstan
[tenses] kha; phyir; bstan; pa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} facing outwards; directed outwards
kha phyar
[translation-san] {C} pragalbha [translation-eng] {C} arrogant
kha phyir ཁ་ཕྱིར་
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} outwards; directed outwards
kha phyir lta'i cha
[tenses] blta; lta; bltas; ltos
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} factor directed outwards
[translation-eng] {GD:603} an external cognition [which perceives an external object]
kha phyir ltas kyi 'gros
[tenses] blta; lta; bltas; ltos
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} type which is directed outwards
kha phyir bstan pa
[tenses] bstan; ston; bstand; stond
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} directed outwards; facing outwards
kha ba
[translation-san] tikta [translation-eng] {Hopkins} bitter
kha ba'i ro
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} bitter taste
kha bye
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} [mouth-open]; to blossom
kha bye ba
[tenses] 'bye; /; 'bye; /; bye; /; 'byes/ [translation-eng] {Hopkins} to blossom
kha 'bus pa
[translation-san] {C} saṅībhūta (?)
[translation-eng] {C} open out his blossoms
kha 'bye
[tenses] 'bye; /; 'bye; /; bye; /; 'byes/ [translation-eng] {Hopkins} to blossom
kha 'byed
[tenses] dbye/; 'byed/; phye; /phyes/ [translation-eng] {Hopkins} open; blossom
kha 'byes
[tenses] dbye/; 'byed/; phye; /phyes/ [translation-eng] {Hopkins} open; blossom
kha sbyor
[tenses] sbyar; sbyor; sbyard; sbyord
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} face to face in [sexual] union
kha sbyor gyi lus
[tenses] sbyar; sbyor; sbyard; sbyord
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} bodies [of god and goddess] face to face [in sexual union]
kha ma
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} one who is about [to do something]
kha tshon gcod
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} make a decision; limit
kha tshon gcod dka' bas dpyod pa'i sgo tsam bkod do
[tenses] dgod; 'god; bkod; 'god
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} Since it is difficult to make a decision, [I] have stated just the beginnings of analysis
kha tshon chod pa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} limited; decided
kha zhe mi mthun pa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} discordance of mouth and heart{TGP-77}
kha zas ཁ་ཟས་
[translation-san] {MSA} bhojana [translation-san] {MSA} bhojya
[translation-san] {C} bhaktāgra
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} food; fare; foodstuff; provisions [translation-eng] {C} refectory
kha zas chung ngu 'tshal bar 'gyur
[tenses] btsal; 'tshol; btsald; tshold [translation-san] {C} alpa-āhāra [translation-eng] {Hopkins} seek a litte food [translation-eng] {C} takes little food
kha zas zhim po
[translation-san] {MSA} mṛṣṭa ... aśana [translation-eng] {Hopkins} delicious food
kha lag
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} food
kha lo bsgyur ba
[tenses] bsgyur; sgyur; bsgyurd; sgyurd
[translation-san] [translation-eng]
kha sha
[translation-eng]
kha shags
[translation-eng]
kha sa
[translation-eng]
khwa ta
[translation-eng]
khang ཁང་
[translation-eng] edifice; institute
khang khyim
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} [house-home]; house; home; residence
khang pa
{C} sārathi {C} charioteer
{Hopkins} spotted deer
{Hopkins} dispute; argue; use rough language
{Hopkins} yesterday
{Hopkins} magpie
{Hopkins} house; building; dwelling; abode; domicile; habitation; structure;
[translation-san] {C} prāsāda
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} house; building; dwelling; abode; domicile; habitation; structure; edifice; institute
[translation-eng] {C} palatial building; palace
khad pa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} verb + la + khad pa = on the verge of (verb)
example
[bod] dbang bskur la khad pa ; [eng] on the verge of bestowing initiation/empowerment
kham gyi zas
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} morsels of food [i.e., ordinary food]
[comments] Comment: One of the four foods, which according to (1) morsel food (kham gyi zas, kavaḍaṃkāra-āhāra), (2) contact food (reg pa'i zas, sparśa-āhāra) which is contaminated touch that increases the great elements associated with the sense powers, (3) intention food (sems pa'i zas, manaḥsaṃcetanāhāra) which is intention (or attention) that involves hope for a desired object, and (4) consciousness food (rnam shes kyi zas, vijñāna-āhāra) which is the collections of consciousness. S#er-s#hül L#o-sang-pün-tsok (Notes, 13b.5) cites the third chapter of Vasubandhu's Treasury of Manifest Knowledge (III.119-128) which indicates that: * coarse food furthers the body that is the support of this lifetime * contact furthers the mind that depends on the support of the body * intention projects future lifetimes (in that it is the main feature of karma) * the karmas that actualize future lifetimes in the sense of filling in the details of the lifetime projected by intention are posited as consciousness. S#er-s#hül quotes Vasubandhu's explanation that morsel food exists only in the Desire Realm whereas the other three exist in all three realms—Desire, Form, and Formless—and are necessarily contaminated. As Ge-s#hay B#el-den-drak-b#a explained, the foods increase cyclic existence, and thus uncontaminated contact, intention, and consciousness are not posited as food. S#er-s#hül paraphrases Asaṅga's Compendium of Ascertainments which explains that although meditative absorptions and engaging in pure behavior are means of furthering the body through eliminating unfavorable circumstances, they are not posited as foods since they do not further the body by way of their own entities. His point must be that meditative stabilization therefore should not be included in the list. Contrary to this, Geshe Gedün Lodrö of the University of Hamburg includes meditative stabilization (ting nge 'dzin) and gives mental food as the second (Calm Abiding and Special Insight, 70-71): ""The four types of nourishment are (1) coarse food, (2) mental nourishment, (3) nourishment of intention, and (4) nourishment of consciousness. The sense of mental satisfaction that comes when a desire is fulfilled is called mental nourishment. Just as coarse food nourishes the body, so satisfaction nourishes or replenishes the mind upon fulfillment of a desire. The third type, nourishment of intention, is an action that projects the next lifetime. Since it generates or produces the next lifetime, it is called a nourisher, or nourishment; it is the second link of the twelve-linked dependent-arising. Similarly, the third link, which is called consciousness, is known as the food of consciousness. Just as the action that projects, or impels, a future lifetime is called a nourisher, so the consciousness which is imprinted with that action and which will at the time of the effect of that action in the future life be imprinted with other karmas is called a nourisher, or nourishment. Why is [the first link of dependent-arising,] ignorance, not called a nourisher? It is because ignorance is the agent that pervades everything; thus, it is not singled out as a nourisher. There is still another type of nourishment, that of meditative stabilization. Persons who have achieved calm abiding and special insight and have proceeded to high levels of the path do not need to use coarse food; they have the nourishment of meditative stabilization.
khams ཁམས་
[translation-san] {MSA,MV,C} dhātu
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} realm; constituent; element; basic/essential constituent; disposition; type; constitution [as in health]
[division-bod] dbye ba 1 'dod khams/ 2 gzugs khams/ 3 gzugs med khams; dbye ba/ yul drug dbang po drug rnam shes drug dang bco brgyad//
[division-eng] Div.: (1) desire realm; (2) form realm; (3) formless realm Div.: the eighteen consisting of the six objects, the six sense powers, and the six consciousnesses
[comments] Comment: For other divisions see khams du ma and khams tha dad pa. example
[bod] gzugs khams ; [eng] form realm (rūpadhātu)
khams kyi rgyal po ཁམས་ཀྱི་རྒྱལ་པོ་
[translation-san] {C} koṭṭa-rājan [translation-eng] {C} commander of a fort
khams gong ma ཁམས་གོང་མ་
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} upper realm
[comments] Comment: Usually, the form and formless realms.
khams rgyas pa ཁམས་རྒྱས་པ་
[translation-san] {MSA} dhātu-puṣṭi
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} increase the constitution [as in increasing health]
khams gnyis rtas pa
[tenses] brta'; brta; brtas; rtas
[translation-san] {MSA} dvaya-dhātu-puṣṭatā
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} increase/improve the two constituents; improve health
khams rtas pa
[tenses] brta'/; brta/; brtas/; rtas/
[translation-san] {MSA} dhātu-puṣṭatā
[translation-san] {MSA} dhātu-puṣṭi
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} increase/improve the two constituents; improve health
khams rtas par byed pa
[tenses] brta'/; brta/; brtas/; rtas/
[translation-san] {MSA} dhātu-puṣṭi
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} increase the constituents; improve the constituents; improve health
khams brtas pa
[tenses] brta'/; brta/; brtas/; rtas/
[translation-san] {MV} dhātu-puṣṭi
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} increase the constituents; improve the constituents; improve health
khams brtas byed
[translation-san] {MV} dhātu-puṣṭi
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} that which increases/improves the constituents; that which improves health
khams tha dad pa
[translation-san] {L} dhātu nānātva
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} various constituents
[division-bod] dbye ba yul drug dbang po drug rnam shes drug dang bco brgyad//
[division-eng] Div.: the eighteen consisting of the six objects, the six sense powers, and the six consciousnesses
[comments] Comment: See also khams; khams du ma; khams sna tshogs pa.
khams dang skye mched
[translation-san] {MV} dhātv-āyatana
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} constituents and sense spheres; [eighteen] constituents and [twelve] sense spheres
khams du ma
[translation-san] {L} dhātv anekatva
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} manifold constituents
[division-bod] dbye ba 1 sa/ 2 chu/ 3 me/ 4 rlung / 5 nam mkha'/ 6 rnam par shes pa/ [division-eng] Div.: (1) earth; (2) water; (3) fire; (4) wind; (5) space; (6) consciousness
[comments] Comment: These six are frequently cited as the main bases of designation of a person. In the seventh chapter of the Sūtra Unraveling the Thought manifold constituents"" (khams du ma) refers to the six constituents, and ""various constituents"" (khams sna tshogs pa) refers to the eighteen constituents. See also khams; khams tha dad pa; khams sna tshogs pa.""
khams sna tshogs pa
[translation-san] {L} dhātu nānātva
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} various constituents
[division-bod] dbye ba yul drug dbang po drug rnam shes drug dang bco brgyad//
[division-eng] Div.: the eighteen consisting of the six objects, the six senses, and the six consciousnesses
[comments] Comment: In the seventh chapter of the Sūtra Unraveling the Thought ""various constituents"" (sna tshogs pa) refers to the eighteen constituents and ""manifold constituents"" (khams du ma) refers to the six constituents. See also khams; khams tha dad pa; khams du ma.
khams gzhan
[translation-san] {MSA} anya-dhātu
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} other constituents
khams la mkhas
[translation-san] {MV} dhātu-kauśalya [translation-eng] {Hopkins} skill in the constituents
khams gsum
[tenses] khams; gsum; pa
[translation-san] {C} tridhātu
[translation-san] {C} traidhātuka
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} the three realms [i.e., desire realm ('dod khams, kāmadhātu), form realm (gzugs khams, rūpadhātu), and formless realm (gzugs med khams, arūpyadhātu)]
[translation-eng] {C} the triple world; what is in (or: what belongs to) the triple world
khams gsum thams cad kyi dbang po
[translation-san] {C} sarva-traidhātuka-adhipati
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} lord of all three realms [translation-eng] {C} sarva-traidhātuka-adhipati [name of a Buddha]
khams gsum dag la
[translation-san] {C} traidhātuka
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} in the three realms
[translation-eng] {C} the triple world; what is in (or: what belongs to) the triple world
khams gsum 'dus byas
[tenses] 'du; 'du/'dud; 'dus; 'dus
[translation-san] {MSA} traidhātu-kātma-saṃskāra
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} compounded phenomena of the three realms
khams gsum pa po
[translation-san] {C} traidhātuka
[translation-eng] {C} the triple world; what is in (or: what belongs to) the triple world
khams gsum pa'i nyon mongs pa spong ba
[tenses] spang; spong; spangs; spongs
[translation-san] {MSA} tridhātu-kleśa-prahāṇa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} abandon the afflictions/afflictive emotions of the three realms
khams gsum po
[translation-san] traidhātuka [translation-eng] {Hopkins} all three realms
khams gsum ma lus pa las
[translation-san] {C} traidhātukānta
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} from the entirety of the three realms [translation-eng] {C} the triple world
khams gsum la bcings par gyur pa
[translation-san] {C} traidhātuka-bandhana-gata [translation-eng] {Hopkins} bound in the three realms [translation-eng] {C} imprisoned in the triple world
khams gsum sa dgu
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} three realms and nine levels/grounds
[comments] Comment: The Desire Realm, the Four Concentrations of the Form Realm, and the Four Formless Absorptions of the Formless Realm are the nine levels.
khar gcod pa la
[translation-san] {C} nigraha [translation-eng] {C} refutation
khas 'che ba
[translation-san] pratijñā [translation-eng] {Hopkins} claim
khas blang
[tenses] blang/; len/; blangs/; lend/
[translation-san] iṣyate
[translation-san] abhyupagama
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} [by-mouth-take]; assert; accept; promise
khas blang bar bya ba
[tenses] khas; blang; bya; blang/; len/; blangs/; lend/
[translation-san] {MSA} abhyupagantavya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} that which is to be asserted/accepted/promised
khas blangs
[tenses] blang/; len/; blangs/; lend/
[translation-san] iṣyate
[translation-san] abhyupagama
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} [by-mouth-take]; assert; accept; promise
khas blangs kyi bsal ba
[tenses] bsal; sel; bsald; seld
[translation-eng] {GD:791} contradiction of opinion
khas blangs pa
[tenses] blang/; len/; blangs/; lend/
[translation-san] {MSA} abhyupagata
[translation-san] {C} upagata
[translation-san] iṣyate
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} [by-mouth-take]; assert; accept; promise [translation-eng] {C} takes place; can be approached; has admitted into himself
khas mi len
[tenses] blang/; len/; blangs/; lend/
[translation-san] {MV} anupagama
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} [by-mouth-not-take]; not assert; not accept; not promise
khas mi len pa
[tenses] blang/; len/; blangs/; lend/
[translation-san] {C} ananujñāna
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} [by-mouth-not-take]; not assert; not accept; not promise [translation-eng] {C} no consent
khas len
[tenses] blang/; len/; blangs/; lend/
[translation-san] {JH} abhyupagam
[translation-san] {C} upaiti
[translation-san] iṣyate
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} [by-mouth-take]; assert; accept; promise as noun: assertion; acceptance; promise
[translation-eng] {C} approach; come to; run through; implies; undergo; bear
khas len pa
[tenses] blang/; len/; blangs/; lend/ [translation-san] {C} upagata [translation-san] {MSA} (abhi √i): abhyeti [translation-san] {MSA} abhyupagama [translation-san] {MSA} abhyupeta [translation-san] iṣyate
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} [by-mouth-take]; assert; accept; promise as noun: assertion; acceptance; promise
[translation-eng] {C} takes place; can be approached; has admitted into himself
khas len pa med cing
[translation-san] {C} anupagata
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} without assertion/acceptance/promise [translation-eng] {C} unapproachable
khas len byed
[translation-san] {MSA} samupeta
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} make assertion/acceptance/promise