Jeffrey Hopkins' Tibetan-Sanskrit-English Dictionary: kha



kha 

[translation-san] {C,MSA} mukha
[translation-san] {C} raśmi-mukha
[translation-san] {C} daṃśana
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} mouth; opening; face; area; verb + kha or ka = about to (do something) [translation-eng] {C} face; door; marvellous power(?); so also(?) 

kha skong ba 

[tenses] bskang; skong; bskangs; skongs 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} fill out [as in replacing a missing syllable in a line of poetry with an extra syllable] 

kha cig ཁ་ཅིག

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} someone; some; a certain [person] 

kha cig tu ཁ་ཅིག་ཏུ 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} in some 

kha cig na re 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} someone; some; a certain [person]
[comments] Comment: Standard formula for introducing another party's opinion in debate texts. 

kha che 

[translation-san] kaṣmr
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} Kaṣm
r is dot under correct? slash in next item; Moslems; Kashmiri 

kha che bye brag smra ba 

[translation-san] kaśmri vaibhṣika
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} Kaśm
ri Vaibhṣika; Kaṣmri Proponent(s) of the Great Exposition 

kha ton du 

[translation-san] {C} svdhyyati
[translation-san] s what is this ""s""? {C}v
dhyyanti [translation-eng] {Hopkins} in recitation [translation-eng] {C} repeat 

kha ton du bya 

[translation-san] {C} svdhyyati [translation-eng] {Hopkins} recite [translation-eng] {C} repeat 

kha ton du'ang byed 

[translation-san] {C} svdhyyanti [translation-eng] {Hopkins} do also in recitation [translation-eng] {C} repeat 

kha ton byang bar byas 

[tenses] 'byang; 'byangs; byang; 'byongs [translation-san] {C} vacas paricita [translation-eng] {Hopkins} learned recitation [translation-eng] {C} religious texts (?) 

kha ton byed pa 

[translation-san] {MV} svdhyya [translation-san] {MV} svdhyyana [translation-eng] {Hopkins} perform recitation 

kha 'thor ba 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} scattered 

[comments] Comment: One of the two divisions of animals (dud 'gro), the other being those living in the depths (bying na gnas pa). 

kha dog 

[translation-san] varṇa [translation-eng] {Hopkins} color 

kha dog kho rang 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} color itself
[translation-eng] {GD:253} hypothetical color in general 

kha dog gi gzugs 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} color-form; form that is a color 

kha dog sngon po 

[translation-san] {MSA} nla-varṇa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} blue color; color blue
[comments] Comment: The scope of blue usually includes green. 

kha dog gcig tu 

[translation-san] {C} eka-varṇa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} as one color; in one color [translation-eng] {C} of one color 

kha dog dang dri dang ro dang reg bya 

[translation-san] {MSA} varṇa-gandha-rasa-sparśa [translation-eng] {Hopkins} color, odor, taste, and tangible object 

kha dog du ma 

[translation-san] {C} aneka-varṇa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} many colors; many colored; multi-colored [translation-eng] {C} many-colored 

kha dog sna tshogs pa 

[translation-san] {C} nnvarṇa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} variegated in color; having various colors 

[translation-eng] {C} various-colored 

kha dog phun sum tshogs pa 

[translation-san] {MSA} varṇa-saṃpanna
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} excellent color; fulfilment of color 

kha dog yin na 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} if [something] is a color; whatever is a color 

kha dog la sogs pa rnam par 'gyur ba 

[tenses] 'gyur; 'gyurd; gyur; gyurd
[translation-san] {MSA} varṇ
di-vipariṇma
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} changes/transformations in color and so forth 

kha dog las shin tu 'das pa 

[translation-san] {C} abhikrnta-abhikrnta-varṇ
[translation-eng] {C} who have quite passed beyond materiality of any kind 

kha dog shin tu 'jam pa 

[translation-san] {C} ślakṣṇa-cchavit [translation-eng] {C} his skin is smooth 

kha dog ser po 

[translation-san] {MSA} pta-varṇa [translation-eng] {Hopkins} yellow color 

kha na ma tho ba 

[translation-san] {MSA} avadya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} unseemliness; fault; blemish; blame 

[comments] Comment: The Tibetan may literally mean ""not high in the mouth"" even though the term uses tho in stead of mtho. 

kha na ma tho ba dang bcas pa 

[translation-san] {MSA,C} svadya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} involving unseemliness; faulty [translation-eng] {C} has blemishes; faulty 

kha na ma tho ba phra rab tsam 

[translation-san] {MSA} anu-mtra ... avadya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} even/just a slight unseemliness/fault 

kha na ma tho ba mi mnga' ba 

[tenses] mnga'; mnga'; mnga'; mnga'
[translation-san] {C} anavadya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} without unseemliness; faultless; not involving unseemliness [translation-eng] {C} faultless 

kha na ma tho ba med pa 

[translation-san] {MSA,C} anavadya
[translation-san] {MSA} niravadya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} without unseemliness; faultless; not involving unseemliness [translation-eng] {C} faultless 

kha na ma tho ba med pa'i las can yin pa 

[translation-san] {MSA} anavadya-karmatva
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} having acitivities that are without unseemliness/fault 

kha na ma tho med yul 

[translation-san] {MSA} anavadya-viṣaya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} objects without unseemliness; areas without unseemliness 

kha nang ཁ་ནང

[translation-san] antarmukha
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} inwards; internal; inside 

kha nang lta'i cha 

[tenses] blta; lta; bltas; ltos
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} factor directed inwards 

[translation-eng] {GD:603} an internal cognition [which perceives the objectal aspect of an external object] 

kha nang ltas kyi 'gros 

[tenses] blta; lta; bltas; ltos
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} type which is directed inwards 

kha nang bstan 

[tenses] kha; nang; du; bstan; pa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} facing inwards; directed inwards 

kha nang du bstan pa 

[tenses] kha; nang; bstan
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} facing inwards; directed inwards 

kha spos 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} move over 

kha phyir bstan 

[tenses] kha; phyir; bstan; pa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} facing outwards; directed outwards 

kha phyar 

[translation-san] {C} pragalbha [translation-eng] {C} arrogant 

kha phyir ཁ་ཕྱིར

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} outwards; directed outwards 

kha phyir lta'i cha 

[tenses] blta; lta; bltas; ltos
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} factor directed outwards
[translation-eng] {GD:603} an external cognition [which perceives an external object] 

kha phyir ltas kyi 'gros 

[tenses] blta; lta; bltas; ltos
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} type which is directed outwards 

kha phyir bstan pa 

[tenses] bstan; ston; bstand; stond
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} directed outwards; facing outwards 

kha ba 

[translation-san] tikta [translation-eng] {Hopkins} bitter 

kha ba'i ro 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} bitter taste 

kha bye 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} [mouth-open]; to blossom 

kha bye ba 

[tenses] 'bye; /; 'bye; /; bye; /; 'byes/ [translation-eng] {Hopkins} to blossom 

kha 'bus pa 

[translation-san] {C} saṅībhta (?) 

[translation-eng] {C} open out his blossoms 

kha 'bye 

[tenses] 'bye; /; 'bye; /; bye; /; 'byes/ [translation-eng] {Hopkins} to blossom 

kha 'byed 

[tenses] dbye/; 'byed/; phye; /phyes/ [translation-eng] {Hopkins} open; blossom 

kha 'byes 

[tenses] dbye/; 'byed/; phye; /phyes/ [translation-eng] {Hopkins} open; blossom 

kha sbyor 

[tenses] sbyar; sbyor; sbyard; sbyord
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} face to face in [sexual] union 

kha sbyor gyi lus 

[tenses] sbyar; sbyor; sbyard; sbyord
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} bodies [of god and goddess] face to face [in sexual union] 

kha ma 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} one who is about [to do something] 

kha tshon gcod 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} make a decision; limit 

kha tshon gcod dka' bas dpyod pa'i sgo tsam bkod do 

[tenses] dgod; 'god; bkod; 'god 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} Since it is difficult to make a decision, [I] have stated just the beginnings of analysis 

kha tshon chod pa 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} limited; decided 

kha zhe mi mthun pa 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} discordance of mouth and heart{TGP-77} 

kha zas ཁ་ཟས

[translation-san] {MSA} bhojana [translation-san] {MSA} bhojya 

[translation-san] {C} bhaktgra
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} food; fare; foodstuff; provisions [translation-eng] {C} refectory 

kha zas chung ngu 'tshal bar 'gyur 

[tenses] btsal; 'tshol; btsald; tshold [translation-san] {C} alpa-hra [translation-eng] {Hopkins} seek a litte food [translation-eng] {C} takes little food 

kha zas zhim po 

[translation-san] {MSA} mṛṣṭa ... aśana [translation-eng] {Hopkins} delicious food 

kha lag 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} food 

kha lo bsgyur ba 

[tenses] bsgyur; sgyur; bsgyurd; sgyurd 

[translation-san] [translation-eng] 

kha sha 

[translation-eng] 

kha shags 

[translation-eng] 

kha sa 

[translation-eng] 

khwa ta 

[translation-eng] 

khang ཁང

[translation-eng] edifice; institute 

khang khyim 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} [house-home]; house; home; residence 

khang pa 

{C} srathi {C} charioteer 

{Hopkins} spotted deer
{Hopkins} dispute; argue; use rough language
{Hopkins} yesterday
{Hopkins} magpie
{Hopkins} house; building; dwelling; abode; domicile; habitation; structure; 

[translation-san] {C} prsda 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} house; building; dwelling; abode; domicile; habitation; structure; edifice; institute 

[translation-eng] {C} palatial building; palace 

khad pa 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} verb + la + khad pa = on the verge of (verb)
example
[bod] dbang bskur la khad pa ; [eng] on the verge of bestowing initiation/empowerment 

kham gyi zas 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} morsels of food [i.e., ordinary food] 

[comments] Comment: One of the four foods, which according to (1) morsel food (kham gyi zas, kavaḍaṃkra-hra), (2) contact food (reg pa'i zas, sparśa-hra) which is contaminated touch that increases the great elements associated with the sense powers, (3) intention food (sems pa'i zas, manaḥsaṃcetanhra) which is intention (or attention) that involves hope for a desired object, and (4) consciousness food (rnam shes kyi zas, vijñna-hra) which is the collections of consciousness. S#er-s#hül L#o-sang-pün-tsok (Notes, 13b.5) cites the third chapter of Vasubandhu's Treasury of Manifest Knowledge (III.119-128) which indicates that: * coarse food furthers the body that is the support of this lifetime * contact furthers the mind that depends on the support of the body * intention projects future lifetimes (in that it is the main feature of karma) * the karmas that actualize future lifetimes in the sense of filling in the details of the lifetime projected by intention are posited as consciousness. S#er-s#hül quotes Vasubandhu's explanation that morsel food exists only in the Desire Realm whereas the other three exist in all three realms—Desire, Form, and Formless—and are necessarily contaminated. As Ge-s#hay B#el-den-drak-b#a explained, the foods increase cyclic existence, and thus uncontaminated contact, intention, and consciousness are not posited as food. S#er-s#hül paraphrases Asaga's Compendium of Ascertainments which explains that although meditative absorptions and engaging in pure behavior are means of furthering the body through eliminating unfavorable circumstances, they are not posited as foods since they do not further the body by way of their own entities. His point must be that meditative stabilization therefore should not be included in the list. Contrary to this, Geshe Gedün Lodrö of the University of Hamburg includes meditative stabilization (ting nge 'dzin) and gives mental food as the second (Calm Abiding and Special Insight, 70-71): ""The four types of nourishment are (1) coarse food, (2) mental nourishment, (3) nourishment of intention, and (4) nourishment of consciousness. The sense of mental satisfaction that comes when a desire is fulfilled is called mental nourishment. Just as coarse food nourishes the body, so satisfaction nourishes or replenishes the mind upon fulfillment of a desire. The third type, nourishment of intention, is an action that projects the next lifetime. Since it generates or produces the next lifetime, it is called a nourisher, or nourishment; it is the second link of the twelve-linked dependent-arising. Similarly, the third link, which is called consciousness, is known as the food of consciousness. Just as the action that projects, or impels, a future lifetime is called a nourisher, so the consciousness which is imprinted with that action and which will at the time of the effect of that action in the future life be imprinted with other karmas is called a nourisher, or nourishment. Why is [the first link of dependent-arising,] ignorance, not called a nourisher? It is because ignorance is the agent that pervades everything; thus, it is not singled out as a nourisher. There is still another type of nourishment, that of meditative stabilization. Persons who have achieved calm abiding and special insight and have proceeded to high levels of the path do not need to use coarse food; they have the nourishment of meditative stabilization. 

khams ཁམས

[translation-san] {MSA,MV,C} dhtu 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} realm; constituent; element; basic/essential constituent; disposition; type; constitution [as in health] 

[division-bod] dbye ba 1 'dod khams/ 2 gzugs khams/ 3 gzugs med khams; dbye ba/ yul drug dbang po drug rnam shes drug dang bco brgyad// 

[division-eng] Div.: (1) desire realm; (2) form realm; (3) formless realm Div.: the eighteen consisting of the six objects, the six sense powers, and the six consciousnesses 

[comments] Comment: For other divisions see khams du ma and khams tha dad pa. example
[bod] gzugs khams ; [eng] form realm (r
padhtu) 

khams kyi rgyal po ཁམས་ཀྱི་རྒྱལ་པོ 

[translation-san] {C} koṭṭa-rjan [translation-eng] {C} commander of a fort 

khams gong ma ཁམས་གོང་མ

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} upper realm
[comments] Comment: Usually, the form and formless realms. 

khams rgyas pa ཁམས་རྒྱས་པ 

[translation-san] {MSA} dhtu-puṣṭi
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} increase the constitution [as in increasing health] 

khams gnyis rtas pa 

[tenses] brta'; brta; brtas; rtas
[translation-san] {MSA} dvaya-dh
tu-puṣṭat
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} increase/improve the two constituents; improve health 

khams rtas pa 

[tenses] brta'/; brta/; brtas/; rtas/
[translation-san] {MSA} dh
tu-puṣṭat
[translation-san] {MSA} dh
tu-puṣṭi
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} increase/improve the two constituents; improve health 

khams rtas par byed pa 

[tenses] brta'/; brta/; brtas/; rtas/
[translation-san] {MSA} dh
tu-puṣṭi
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} increase the constituents; improve the constituents; improve health 

khams brtas pa 

[tenses] brta'/; brta/; brtas/; rtas/ 

[translation-san] {MV} dhtu-puṣṭi
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} increase the constituents; improve the constituents; improve health 

khams brtas byed 

[translation-san] {MV} dhtu-puṣṭi 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} that which increases/improves the constituents; that which improves health 

khams tha dad pa 

[translation-san] {L} dhtu nntva 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} various constituents 

[division-bod] dbye ba yul drug dbang po drug rnam shes drug dang bco brgyad// 

[division-eng] Div.: the eighteen consisting of the six objects, the six sense powers, and the six consciousnesses 

[comments] Comment: See also khams; khams du ma; khams sna tshogs pa. 

khams dang skye mched 

[translation-san] {MV} dhtv-yatana 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} constituents and sense spheres; [eighteen] constituents and [twelve] sense spheres 

khams du ma 

[translation-san] {L} dhtv anekatva
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} manifold constituents
[division-bod] dbye ba 1 sa/ 2 chu/ 3 me/ 4 rlung / 5 nam mkha'/ 6 rnam par shes pa/ [division-eng] Div.: (1) earth; (2) water; (3) fire; (4) wind; (5) space; (6) consciousness 

[comments] Comment: These six are frequently cited as the main bases of designation of a person. In the seventh chapter of the Stra Unraveling the Thought manifold constituents"" (khams du ma) refers to the six constituents, and ""various constituents"" (khams sna tshogs pa) refers to the eighteen constituents. See also khams; khams tha dad pa; khams sna tshogs pa."" 

khams sna tshogs pa 

[translation-san] {L} dhtu nntva 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} various constituents 

[division-bod] dbye ba yul drug dbang po drug rnam shes drug dang bco brgyad// 

[division-eng] Div.: the eighteen consisting of the six objects, the six senses, and the six consciousnesses 

[comments] Comment: In the seventh chapter of the Stra Unraveling the Thought ""various constituents"" (sna tshogs pa) refers to the eighteen constituents and ""manifold constituents"" (khams du ma) refers to the six constituents. See also khams; khams tha dad pa; khams du ma. 

khams gzhan 

[translation-san] {MSA} anya-dhtu 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} other constituents 

khams la mkhas 

[translation-san] {MV} dhtu-kauśalya [translation-eng] {Hopkins} skill in the constituents 

khams gsum 

[tenses] khams; gsum; pa 

[translation-san] {C} tridhtu 

[translation-san] {C} traidhtuka 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} the three realms [i.e., desire realm ('dod khams, kmadhtu), form realm (gzugs khams, rpadhtu), and formless realm (gzugs med khams, arpyadhtu)] 

[translation-eng] {C} the triple world; what is in (or: what belongs to) the triple world 

khams gsum thams cad kyi dbang po 

[translation-san] {C} sarva-traidhtuka-adhipati
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} lord of all three realms [translation-eng] {C} sarva-traidh
tuka-adhipati [name of a Buddha] 

khams gsum dag la 

[translation-san] {C} traidhtuka
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} in the three realms
[translation-eng] {C} the triple world; what is in (or: what belongs to) the triple world 

khams gsum 'dus byas 

[tenses] 'du; 'du/'dud; 'dus; 'dus
[translation-san] {MSA} traidh
tu-ktma-saṃskra
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} compounded phenomena of the three realms 

khams gsum pa po 

[translation-san] {C} traidhtuka
[translation-eng] {C} the triple world; what is in (or: what belongs to) the triple world 

khams gsum pa'i nyon mongs pa spong ba 

[tenses] spang; spong; spangs; spongs
[translation-san] {MSA} tridh
tu-kleśa-prahṇa
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} abandon the afflictions/afflictive emotions of the three realms 

khams gsum po 

[translation-san] traidhtuka [translation-eng] {Hopkins} all three realms 

khams gsum ma lus pa las 

[translation-san] {C} traidhtuknta
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} from the entirety of the three realms [translation-eng] {C} the triple world 

khams gsum la bcings par gyur pa 

[translation-san] {C} traidhtuka-bandhana-gata [translation-eng] {Hopkins} bound in the three realms [translation-eng] {C} imprisoned in the triple world 

khams gsum sa dgu 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} three realms and nine levels/grounds 

[comments] Comment: The Desire Realm, the Four Concentrations of the Form Realm, and the Four Formless Absorptions of the Formless Realm are the nine levels. 

khar gcod pa la 

[translation-san] {C} nigraha [translation-eng] {C} refutation 

khas 'che ba 

[translation-san] pratijñ [translation-eng] {Hopkins} claim 

khas blang 

[tenses] blang/; len/; blangs/; lend/
[translation-san] iṣyate
[translation-san] abhyupagama
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} [by-mouth-take]; assert; accept; promise 

khas blang bar bya ba 

[tenses] khas; blang; bya; blang/; len/; blangs/; lend/
[translation-san] {MSA} abhyupagantavya
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} that which is to be asserted/accepted/promised 

khas blangs 

[tenses] blang/; len/; blangs/; lend/
[translation-san] iṣyate
[translation-san] abhyupagama
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} [by-mouth-take]; assert; accept; promise 

khas blangs kyi bsal ba 

[tenses] bsal; sel; bsald; seld
[translation-eng] {GD:791} contradiction of opinion 

khas blangs pa 

[tenses] blang/; len/; blangs/; lend/
[translation-san] {MSA} abhyupagata
[translation-san] {C} upagata
[translation-san] iṣyate
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} [by-mouth-take]; assert; accept; promise [translation-eng] {C} takes place; can be approached; has admitted into himself 

khas mi len 

[tenses] blang/; len/; blangs/; lend/
[translation-san] {MV} anupagama
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} [by-mouth-not-take]; not assert; not accept; not promise 

khas mi len pa 

[tenses] blang/; len/; blangs/; lend/
[translation-san] {C} ananujñ
na
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} [by-mouth-not-take]; not assert; not accept; not promise [translation-eng] {C} no consent 

khas len 

[tenses] blang/; len/; blangs/; lend/ 

[translation-san] {JH} abhyupagam 

[translation-san] {C} upaiti 

[translation-san] iṣyate 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} [by-mouth-take]; assert; accept; promise as noun: assertion; acceptance; promise 

[translation-eng] {C} approach; come to; run through; implies; undergo; bear 

khas len pa 

[tenses] blang/; len/; blangs/; lend/ [translation-san] {C} upagata [translation-san] {MSA} (abhi √i): abhyeti [translation-san] {MSA} abhyupagama [translation-san] {MSA} abhyupeta [translation-san] iṣyate 

[translation-eng] {Hopkins} [by-mouth-take]; assert; accept; promise as noun: assertion; acceptance; promise 

[translation-eng] {C} takes place; can be approached; has admitted into himself 

khas len pa med cing 

[translation-san] {C} anupagata
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} without assertion/acceptance/promise [translation-eng] {C} unapproachable 

khas len byed 

[translation-san] {MSA} samupeta
[translation-eng] {Hopkins} make assertion/acceptance/promise