ངན་འགྲོའི་སྡུག་བསྔལ་

IW

miseries/ suffering of the lower realms [ngan song gsum gyi sdug bsngal te, dmyal ba la tsa grang gi sdug bsngal dang, yi dvags la bkres skom gyi sdug bsngal, dud 'gro la bkol spyod kyi sdug bsngal bcas so

RY

the miseries / suffering of the lower realms